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The anal fissure resembles a paper cut and looks like a new rip. The tear's edges could be painful, inflamed, and red. It is typically brought on by a sudden rise in pressure in the anal canal, such as while trying to go to the bathroom. It might even bleed in certain circumstances and be excruciatingly unpleasant.

A more recent, acute anal fissure resembles a paper cut or a fresh rip. It frequently results from a traumatic experience, like childbirth or passing exceptionally large feces. Usually highly painful, it can result in severe discomfort and bleeding. Topical medicines to reduce inflammation and encourage healing as well as painkillers are used in the treatment of acute anal fissures.

Diagnosis

The location of the fissure offers clues as to where it came from. A fissure that forms on the anal orifice's side rather than the back or front is more likely a symptom of another disorder, such as Crohn's disease. Your provider may suggest additional testing to establish whether you have an underlying issue. Testing could include :

• Anoscopy. An anoscope, a tubular tool, is placed into the anus to help your doctor observe the rectum and anus.
• Sigmoidoscopy that is adaptable. A little, flexible tube with a video is inserted into the base of your colon by a medical practitioner.
• This test can be carried out on you if you're under 45 and don't have any recognized risk factors for colon cancer or digestive issues.

Surgical Techniques

1. Botox injections - Although they are not a cure, Botox injections can help minimize or even eliminate fissures by briefly numbing the muscles below the anal sphincter. This prevents feces from accidentally entering the anus.
2. Lord's Dilation : During the lord's dilatation (or lord's), which requires widening the anus that is already open, a speculum is placed into a patient's rectum at various angles. This procedure is carried out to give the patient more room and to lessen suffering from hemorrhoids or constipation.
3. PLIS - PLIS (Partial Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy) is a safe and effective surgical procedure for the treatment of anal fissures, typically performed under local anesthesia and sedation. It involves making a small incision in the muscle of the anal sphincter, which helps to relax the sphincter and reduce the pressure on the fissure. This can help to reduce pain and discomfort, as well as aid in healing. Additionally, PLIS is associated with a low risk of complications and a short recovery time.
4. Laser treatment - The Leonardo laser, which was originally used at the Healing Hands Clinic in India, is used for laser treatment. Internal sphincterotomy is done with a laser. With this technique, the surgeon has excellent control over the operating site and almost no blood loss. The laser also removes the persistent fibrotic scar. This stops any soreness from lingering and speeds up the healing process.

Lifestyle and Precautions

Introducing fiber into your diet. Fissure healing can be sped up by consuming between 25 and 35 grams of fiber per day to keep stools soft.

• Foods high in fiber include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and nuts. Adding fiber supplements to your diet is another choice. Increase your fiber intake gradually to prevent bloating and gas.
• Consuming adequate fluids. Fluid intake will help you avoid constipation.
• Not squeezing when having a bowel movement. A new tear could form through straining, or an existing tear could reopen.
• Laying back in a warm bath. You can relax and soothe your skin by taking daily soaks in warm water for 10 to 20 minutes. The sitz bath is another name for this.