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Causes

Constipation can be caused by a variety of factors, including diet, drugs, medical problems, and pregnancy.

Constipation is caused by a variety of lifestyle factors, including :

• Eating low-fiber meals.
• Drinking insufficient water (dehydration).
• Insufficient physical activity.
• Changes in your typical schedule, such as traveling, eating, or sleeping at various times.
• consuming a lot of milk or cheese
• Stress.
• Avoiding the urge to go to the restroom.
• Medicine, such as antacids, pain relievers, diuretics, and certain Parkinson's disease treatments

Constipation can be caused by a variety of medical and health issues, including :

• Underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), diabetes, uremia, and hypercalcemia are examples of endocrine disorders.
• Colorectal cancer is a kind of cancer that affects the bowel.
• Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a kind of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
• Diverticular disease is a kind of cancer that affects the intestine
• Constipation due to outlet malfunction. (A problem with the pelvic floor muscles' coordination.) The organs in the pelvis and lower abdomen are supported by these muscles. They're required for stool discharge.)
• Spinal cord damage, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and stroke are examples of neurologic diseases.
• Amyloidosis, lupus, and scleroderma are just a few of the disorders that affect the organs.
• Pregnancy.

Diagnosis

Although the diagnosis of constipation is rather easy, in chronic instances, examinations may be necessary to determine the underlying reason. Following a thorough examination of your bowel habits, overall health, and lifestyle, your doctor may recommend one or more of the following tests :

• Rectal examination or Proctoscopy - This can be done with a lubricated gloved finger or with the use of a Proctoscope device.
• Colonoscopy - This procedure is used to examine the bottom section of the intestine. A long flexible tube with a light and camera at the end is passed through the anus during the exam. It lets your doctor see the insides of your intestine on a computer screen.
• Anal Manometry - This test involves inserting a tiny device into your rectum and connecting it to a machine that records pressure measurements while you squeeze, relax, and push your rectum muscles. This provides you a sense of how well one's rectum's nerves and muscles are performing.
• MRI Defecography - MRI defecography is a non-invasive technique that uses magnetic resonance imaging to collect pictures at various phases of defecation to assess how effectively the pelvic muscles are performing and offer insight into rectal function. It's used to figure out what's causing fecal incontinence, constipation, and other problems that make it difficult to pass feces, such as pelvic organ prolapse.
• Thyroid function tests, B12, D3, and calcium levels in the blood
• Test for food intolerance

Risk Factor

Constipation is a condition in which bowel motions are difficult or infrequent. Some risk factors are listed below :

• Consuming dietary fiber in amounts ranging from 20 to 35 grams per day.
• Inadequate hydration, which causes feces to dry out.
• Inadequate physical activity.
• When you have the need, avoid passing bowel motions.
• Taking opiates or other narcotic drugs.
• You're going through a life or habit change, such as travel or pregnancy.
• Having diabetes, lupus, or multiple sclerosis, to name a few illnesses or ailments.
• Having an obstruction, irritable bowel syndrome, or a tumour in the intestine.

Treatment

MCDPA

Dr. Ashwin Porwal, who has treated hundreds of patients with piles and chronic constipation, came up with the idea for MCDPA, which has the tagline 'SAY NO TO SURGERY.' He discovered that many of these individuals did not require surgery. In these circumstances, a cautious approach is required, as well as lifestyle changes. With these findings, he devised a treatment method he dubbed MCDPA ( Medicines-Constac-Diet-Physiotherapy-Ayurveda ). It's a ground-breaking fusion of current science, age-old Ayurveda, and Pelvic Floor Physiotherapy that assures a multipronged attack on the ailment, effectively improving the chances of a successful treatment. MCDPA's foundation is based on the use of authorized scientific therapies and all-around patient care.

BIOFEEDBACK

The goal of biofeedback is to recover control of the rectal muscles. As previously stated, reduced rectal muscle action is a key causal element in chronic constipation, particularly in Obstructed Defecation Syndrome, resulting in difficulties evacuation of feces. A probe is introduced into the rectum and the muscle action is monitored on a computer screen in this non-invasive procedure. A physiotherapist would then help you enhance your defecation effort by guiding and training you.

STARR SURGERY

Surgical intervention in the form of STARR Surgery may be required in situations with Obstructed Defecation Syndrome or Chronic Constipation that has resulted in rectal prolapse. The surgery's goal is to remove the obstructed/prolapsed segment of the rectum and replace it with a healthy portion of the remaining rectum. Two circular staplers are utilised to achieve a circumferential trans-anal full thickness resection of the lower rectum during STARR surgery, which is performed under general anaesthetic. The structural anomalies associated with ODS are eliminated by combining the two stapled resections.